Preparation for farrowing:

The average gestation period for sows is 114 days. To prepare for farrowing, producers should know when sows are due. They also need a method to identify all sows. The gestation table (below) is assigned to help producers determine farrowing date based on the date sows are bred.

Newborn pigs have a better survival chance if they arrive in clean, sanitized farrowing facility. In addition, most producers feel that a break between farrowing reduces disease build-up. Many producers, however, farrow continuously to maximize use of expensive facilities. They must do a top job of cleaning and sanitizing. 

A steam cleaner or high pressure sprayer can be used successfully to clean the farrowing house. Adding a detergent helps remove organic matter. A disinfectant can be applied after cleaning. Cleaning also can be done with a shovel and broom. Floors can be scrubbed using a solution of one pound of lye and 30 gallons of water. 

Some producers fumigate, especially those who have had a consistent scours problem in a central house. Directions should be followed carefully and precautions taken to avoid accidents with fumigation. 

In addition, the sow should be washed with soap and warm water immediately prior to being put into the farrowing pen.

Care of Pigs from Farrowing to Weaning 

The most critical period in the life cycle of a pig is from birth to weaning. On the average, about two pigs per litter are lost during this period. Poor management is the major contributing factor, although the actual cause may be crushing, bleeding from the navel, anemia, starvation or disease. Weaning large litters of thrifty, heavyweight pigs is a likely factor for a profitable swine herd. This article attempts to outline management practices that help keep pigs alive and your profits high.

Farrowing dates for other breeding dates can be easily interpolated. For example, a sow bred November 6 will farrow March 1

However, producers should be ready for delivery prior to the date due because of individual variation in gestation.